diff --git a/packages-user/data-common/src/replay/array.ts b/packages-user/data-common/src/replay/array.ts
index 989e85c..6fe0918 100644
--- a/packages-user/data-common/src/replay/array.ts
+++ b/packages-user/data-common/src/replay/array.ts
@@ -272,23 +272,23 @@ export class ReplayArray
             return {
                 paramType: 6,
                 paramValue: arr,
-                byteLength: arr.length
+                byteLength: arr.length + 2
             };
         } else if (typeof param === 'string') {
             const arr = this.textEncoder.encode(param);
-            if (arr.length < 248) {
+            if (arr.length > 0 && arr.length <= 248) {
                 // 8 ~ 255 - string
                 return {
-                    paramType: arr.length + 8,
+                    paramType: arr.length + 7,
                     paramValue: arr,
-                    byteLength: arr.length
+                    byteLength: arr.length + 1
                 };
             } else {
                 // 7 - string
                 return {
                     paramType: 7,
                     paramValue: arr,
-                    byteLength: arr.length
+                    byteLength: arr.length + 5
                 };
             }
         }
@@ -346,45 +346,47 @@ export class ReplayArray
      * @param params 参数列表
      */
     private setParamArray(startIndex: number, params: INormalizedParam[]) {
+        let index = startIndex;
         params.forEach(param => {
-            this.paramView.setInt8(startIndex, param.paramType);
+            this.paramView.setInt8(index, param.paramType);
 
             const num = param.paramValue as number;
             const arr = param.paramValue as Uint8Array;
 
             if (param.paramType === 0) {
                 // 0 - boolean
-                this.paramView.setInt8(startIndex + 1, num);
+                this.paramView.setInt8(index + 1, num);
             } else if (param.paramType === 1) {
                 // 1 - int8
-                this.paramView.setInt8(startIndex + 1, num);
+                this.paramView.setInt8(index + 1, num);
             } else if (param.paramType === 2) {
                 // 2 - int16
-                this.paramView.setInt16(startIndex + 1, num);
+                this.paramView.setInt16(index + 1, num);
             } else if (param.paramType === 3) {
                 // 3 - int32
-                this.paramView.setInt32(startIndex + 1, num);
+                this.paramView.setInt32(index + 1, num);
             } else if (param.paramType === 4) {
                 // 4 - int64
                 const high = Math.floor(num / 2147483648);
                 const low = num % 2147483648;
-                this.paramView.setInt32(startIndex + 1, low);
-                this.paramView.setInt32(startIndex + 5, high);
+                this.paramView.setInt32(index + 1, low);
+                this.paramView.setInt32(index + 5, high);
             } else if (param.paramType === 5) {
                 // 5 - float
-                this.paramView.setFloat64(startIndex + 1, num);
+                this.paramView.setFloat64(index + 1, num);
             } else if (param.paramType === 6) {
                 // 6 - bigint
-                this.paramArray[startIndex + 1] = arr.length;
-                this.paramArray.set(arr, startIndex + 2);
+                this.paramArray[index + 1] = arr.length;
+                this.paramArray.set(arr, index + 2);
             } else if (param.paramType === 7) {
                 // 7 - string
-                this.paramView.setInt32(startIndex + 1, arr.length);
-                this.paramArray.set(arr, startIndex + 5);
+                this.paramView.setInt32(index + 1, arr.length);
+                this.paramArray.set(arr, index + 5);
             } else {
                 // 8 ~ 256 - string
-                this.paramArray.set(arr, startIndex + 1);
+                this.paramArray.set(arr, index + 1);
             }
+            index += param.byteLength;
         });
     }
 
@@ -631,13 +633,13 @@ export class ReplayArray
             const length = this.paramView.getInt32(startIndex + 1);
             const endIndex = startIndex + 5 + length;
             const arr = this.paramArray.slice(startIndex + 5, endIndex);
-            byte = length + 2;
+            byte = length + 5;
             value = this.textDecoder.decode(arr);
         } else {
             // 8 ~ 255 - string
             const length = type - 7;
             const endIndex = startIndex + 1 + length;
-            const arr = this.paramArray.slice(startIndex + 5, endIndex);
+            const arr = this.paramArray.slice(startIndex + 1, endIndex);
             byte = length + 1;
             value = this.textDecoder.decode(arr);
         }
diff --git a/packages-user/data-state/test/coreNode.test.ts b/packages-user/data-state/test/coreNode.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b62d6a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages-user/data-state/test/coreNode.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { SaveCompression } from '@user/data-common';
+import { createCoreState } from '../src/core';
+
+describe('Node CoreState factory', () => {
+    // 验证无参数工厂创建的状态实例不会共享勇士、地图、事件存储和存档系统
+    it('creates independent mutable data-side instances', () => {
+        const first = createCoreState();
+        const second = createCoreState();
+
+        expect(first).not.toBe(second);
+        expect(first.hero).not.toBe(second.hero);
+        expect(first.hero.attribute).not.toBe(second.hero.attribute);
+        expect(first.eventStore).not.toBe(second.eventStore);
+        expect(first.saveSystem).not.toBe(second.saveSystem);
+
+        first.hero.getModifiableAttribute().set('hp', 99);
+        expect(second.hero.attribute.getFinalAttribute('hp')).not.toBe(99);
+
+        const map = first.maps.createMap('isolated-floor', 1, 1);
+        map.setActiveStatus(true);
+        const layer = map.addLayer();
+        layer.setMapRef(new Uint32Array([7]));
+        expect(second.maps.getMap('isolated-floor')).toBeNull();
+
+        const saved = first.maps.saveState(SaveCompression.NoCompression);
+        const savedFloor = saved.floors.get('isolated-floor');
+        const savedLayer = savedFloor?.layers.get(0);
+        if (!savedLayer?.fullMap)
+            throw new Error('missing isolated map snapshot');
+        savedLayer.fullMap[0] = 99;
+        expect(layer.getBlock(0, 0)).toBe(7);
+    });
+
+    // 验证 Node 工厂路径不读取浏览器宿主并使用独立的内存存档实现
+    it('constructs through the Node-safe path without browser globals', () => {
+        expect(() => createCoreState()).not.toThrow();
+        const state = createCoreState();
+
+        expect(state.saveSystem.constructor.name).toBe('MemorySaveSystem');
+        expect(state.maps).toBeDefined();
+        expect(state.eventStore).toBeDefined();
+    });
+});
diff --git a/packages-user/data-state/test/nodeReplay.test.ts b/packages-user/data-state/test/nodeReplay.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da4bbbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages-user/data-state/test/nodeReplay.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+import { IReplayCommand, ReplayParamValue } from '@user/data-common';
+import { ReplaySystem } from '../../data-common/src/replay/system';
+import {
+    IReplayVerifierRuntime,
+    IReplayVerifierSnapshot,
+    verifyReplay
+} from '../../../script/test-data-node';
+
+enum TestCommandOutcome {
+    Success,
+    False,
+    Throw
+}
+
+interface ITestStep {
+    readonly code: number;
+    readonly params: readonly ReplayParamValue[];
+}
+
+interface ITestHarnessOptions {
+    readonly steps: readonly ITestStep[];
+    readonly commands: ReadonlyMap<number, IReplayCommand>;
+    readonly actual?: IReplayVerifierSnapshot;
+}
+
+interface ITestHarness {
+    readonly runtime: IReplayVerifierRuntime;
+    readonly calls: number[];
+    readonly finished: () => boolean;
+}
+
+interface ITestLayerSnapshot {
+    readonly zIndex: number;
+    readonly matrix: Uint32Array;
+}
+
+interface ITestFloorSnapshot {
+    readonly floorId: string;
+    readonly layers: readonly ITestLayerSnapshot[];
+}
+
+interface ITestExpectedSnapshot {
+    readonly hero: {
+        name: string;
+        hp: number;
+        hpmax: number;
+        atk: number;
+        def: number;
+        mdef: number;
+        mana: number;
+        manamax: number;
+        money: number;
+        exp: number;
+    };
+    readonly maps: readonly ITestFloorSnapshot[];
+}
+
+interface IVerifierDiagnostic {
+    readonly index: number;
+    readonly code: number;
+    readonly params: readonly ReplayParamValue[];
+    readonly reason: string;
+    readonly message: string;
+}
+
+function createSnapshot(): ITestExpectedSnapshot {
+    const layer: ITestLayerSnapshot = {
+        zIndex: 20,
+        matrix: new Uint32Array([1, 2])
+    };
+    const floor: ITestFloorSnapshot = {
+        floorId: 'F1',
+        layers: [layer]
+    };
+    return {
+        hero: {
+            name: '',
+            hp: 1,
+            hpmax: 0,
+            atk: 0,
+            def: 0,
+            mdef: 0,
+            mana: 0,
+            manamax: 0,
+            money: 0,
+            exp: 0
+        },
+        maps: [floor]
+    };
+}
+
+function createCommand(
+    outcome: TestCommandOutcome,
+    calls: number[],
+    message: string = 'test command failure'
+): IReplayCommand {
+    return {
+        execute: async step => {
+            calls.push(step.index);
+            if (outcome === TestCommandOutcome.Throw) {
+                throw new Error(message);
+            }
+            return outcome === TestCommandOutcome.Success;
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+function createHarness(options: ITestHarnessOptions): ITestHarness {
+    const replay = new ReplaySystem();
+    for (const step of options.steps) {
+        replay.record(step.code, ...step.params);
+    }
+    for (const [code, command] of options.commands) {
+        replay.registerCommand(code, command);
+    }
+    const calls: number[] = [];
+    const sandbox = { ended: false };
+    let cursor = 0;
+    const runtime: IReplayVerifierRuntime = {
+        route: replay.route,
+        expected: createSnapshot(),
+        sandbox,
+        getCommand: code => replay.getCommand(code),
+        step: async () => {
+            const step = replay.route.get(cursor++);
+            const command = replay.getCommand(step.command);
+            if (!command) return false;
+            return command.execute(step);
+        },
+        finish: async () => {
+            sandbox.ended = true;
+        },
+        snapshot: () => options.actual ?? createSnapshot()
+    };
+    return {
+        runtime,
+        calls,
+        finished: () => sandbox.ended
+    };
+}
+
+async function expectDiagnostic(
+    runtime: IReplayVerifierRuntime
+): Promise<IVerifierDiagnostic> {
+    let failure: unknown = null;
+    try {
+        await verifyReplay(runtime);
+    } catch (error) {
+        failure = error;
+    }
+    expect(failure).not.toBeNull();
+    expect(failure).toMatchObject({
+        index: expect.any(Number),
+        code: expect.any(Number),
+        params: expect.any(Array),
+        reason: expect.any(String)
+    });
+    return failure as IVerifierDiagnostic;
+}
+
+describe('Node replay verifier', () => {
+    // 验证固定成功路径在正常结束后比较完整勇士属性与所有地图矩阵
+    it('accepts a successful replay after end-only snapshot comparison', async () => {
+        const calls: number[] = [];
+        const command = createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.Success, calls);
+        const harness = createHarness({
+            steps: [{ code: 0, params: [] }],
+            commands: new Map([[0, command]])
+        });
+
+        await verifyReplay(harness.runtime);
+
+        expect(calls).toEqual([0]);
+        expect(harness.finished()).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // 验证未知命令在首个索引立即抛出并使用确定性安全参数展示
+    it('throws the first unknown-command diagnostic without executing a step', async () => {
+        const harness = createHarness({
+            steps: [{ code: 99, params: [1, 'safe', true, 2n] }],
+            commands: new Map()
+        });
+
+        const failure = await expectDiagnostic(harness.runtime);
+
+        expect(failure.index).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.code).toBe(99);
+        expect(failure.params).toEqual([1, 'safe', true, 2n]);
+        expect(failure.reason).toContain('unknown replay command code 99');
+        expect(failure.message).toContain('params=[1, "safe", true, 2n]');
+        expect(harness.finished()).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // 验证 false 结果在首个索引停止且不会执行后续录像指令
+    it('throws on a false command result and stops before later commands', async () => {
+        const calls: number[] = [];
+        const first = createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.False, calls);
+        const second = createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.Success, calls);
+        const harness = createHarness({
+            steps: [
+                { code: 5, params: [7] },
+                { code: 6, params: [] }
+            ],
+            commands: new Map([
+                [5, first],
+                [6, second]
+            ])
+        });
+
+        const failure = await expectDiagnostic(harness.runtime);
+
+        expect(failure.index).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.code).toBe(5);
+        expect(failure.params).toEqual([7]);
+        expect(failure.reason).toBe('command returned false');
+        expect(calls).toEqual([0]);
+        expect(harness.finished()).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // 验证 command throw 在首个索引停止并保留原始参数与可读原因
+    it('throws on a command exception and does not execute later commands', async () => {
+        const calls: number[] = [];
+        const first = createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.Throw, calls, 'boom');
+        const second = createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.Success, calls);
+        const harness = createHarness({
+            steps: [
+                { code: 6, params: ['first'] },
+                { code: 7, params: ['later'] }
+            ],
+            commands: new Map([
+                [6, first],
+                [7, second]
+            ])
+        });
+
+        const failure = await expectDiagnostic(harness.runtime);
+
+        expect(failure.index).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.code).toBe(6);
+        expect(failure.params).toEqual(['first']);
+        expect(failure.reason).toBe('command threw: boom');
+        expect(calls).toEqual([0]);
+        expect(harness.finished()).toBe(false);
+    });
+
+    // 验证勇士完整属性差异只在录像正常结束后报告
+    it('reports a hero snapshot mismatch only after normal end', async () => {
+        const calls: number[] = [];
+        const actual = createSnapshot();
+        actual.hero.hp = 2;
+        const harness = createHarness({
+            steps: [{ code: 0, params: [] }],
+            commands: new Map([
+                [0, createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.Success, calls)]
+            ]),
+            actual
+        });
+
+        const failure = await expectDiagnostic(harness.runtime);
+
+        expect(failure.index).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.code).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.reason).toContain('hero attribute hp differs');
+        expect(calls).toEqual([0]);
+        expect(harness.finished()).toBe(true);
+    });
+
+    // 验证所有地图图层矩阵差异只在录像正常结束后报告
+    it('reports a map matrix mismatch only after normal end', async () => {
+        const calls: number[] = [];
+        const actual = createSnapshot();
+        actual.maps[0].layers[0].matrix[1] = 9;
+        const harness = createHarness({
+            steps: [{ code: 0, params: [] }],
+            commands: new Map([
+                [0, createCommand(TestCommandOutcome.Success, calls)]
+            ]),
+            actual
+        });
+
+        const failure = await expectDiagnostic(harness.runtime);
+
+        expect(failure.index).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.code).toBe(0);
+        expect(failure.reason).toContain(
+            'map floor F1 layer 20 index 1 differs'
+        );
+        expect(calls).toEqual([0]);
+        expect(harness.finished()).toBe(true);
+    });
+});
diff --git a/script/test-data-node.ts b/script/test-data-node.ts
index 1b6154d..77c814d 100644
--- a/script/test-data-node.ts
+++ b/script/test-data-node.ts
@@ -40,8 +40,6 @@ interface IClosedLoopModule {
 }
 
 const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
-const closedLoopModule =
-    require('../packages-user/data-state/test/fixtures/closed-loop.ts') as IClosedLoopModule;
 
 interface IReplayVerifierSandbox {
     readonly ended: boolean;
@@ -301,6 +299,8 @@ function createRuntime(fixture: IClosedLoopFixture): IReplayVerifierRuntime {
 }
 
 export async function runNodeReplayVerifier(): Promise<void> {
+    const closedLoopModule =
+        require('../packages-user/data-state/test/fixtures/closed-loop.ts') as IClosedLoopModule;
     const fixture = closedLoopModule.createClosedLoopFixture();
     await verifyReplay(createRuntime(fixture));
 }